Components needed:
2 x Rectifier diodes, 1N4007
1x L.E.D 5mm any colour
1x Zener diode
2x 33uF capacitors
1x Voltage regulator, LM317T
1x 180ohm resistor
1x 270ohm resistor
1x 820ohm resistor
Calculations:
R1= Vs - VD@L.E.D / ione
(5 - 1.8 / 0.02)
= 160ohm
Vref = 1.25v
Vout = 5v
Vout is = to Vref(1+R3/R2)
5v = 1.25(1+R3/R2
5v/1.25v = 1+R3/R2
4 = 1+R3/R2
3 = R3/R2
R3 is 3 x larger than R2 so I chose to use a 270ohm resistor for R2 because 820/3 = 273 and the closest resistor to value was a 270ohm.
How it works?
This circuit is parallel. It has a 12v in for the Vs, it has a jumper wire connecting both the 12v in and the 12v raw together. From the point this meets, the current will flow through the rectifier diode to the zener diode to ensure the current is flowing one way only. After that it goes to the 1st capacitor which stores the charge. From here, the charge goes through the IN port on the regulator, Also if you look at D3 it is a bypass for the regulator for any extra current that may occur from voltage spikes, this ensures that there is no damage done to the regulator. From here the current flows through the OUT port regulated down to a lower voltage, from there it flows through the 270ohm resistor which links to the ADJ port
then it flows to the 2nd capacitor which stores the charge, then flows to the 180ohm resistor where it meets the 5v signal in supply which then flows to the 5mm L.E.D, then all the left over voltage is used up by the 820ohm resistor.
Testing to see if circuit is correct:
Vs is 12v in, there is a 0.68 VD across D1(rectifier diode), there is a 11.4 VD in the capacitor, but this VD is not constant because the charge is release once the capacitor fills. There is 11.2v flowing through the zener diode to earth. 11.2v at the IN port of the regulator. Out port of the regulator is 5.1, VD at capacitor 2 is 5.1 but again is not constant, R1 = 4.9v R2 = 2.1 R3 = 2.9v The VD at the L.E.D is 2.3. These tests prove that the circuit is functioning proper for the purpose it was designed for.
Problems found?
One problem that I came across whilst constructing the circuit was that some of my jumper wires in the design were not placed in the correct areas, so my finished product had a couple of slight improvements compared to my template designed on lochmaster.
Reflection:
If I had the chance to rebuild this circuit, I would look at trying to again improve on my soldering, making it a lot more neat to stop potential shortages in the circuit, and having the regulator set up in a different place because the way it was designed made it quite hard to get it soldered on properly, aswell as having it in the place that it is it meant the circuit had to be spread out using unnecessary space.
Sorry, another bad quality picture.
2 x Rectifier diodes, 1N4007
1x L.E.D 5mm any colour
1x Zener diode
2x 33uF capacitors
1x Voltage regulator, LM317T
1x 180ohm resistor
1x 270ohm resistor
1x 820ohm resistor
Calculations:
R1= Vs - VD@L.E.D / ione
(5 - 1.8 / 0.02)
= 160ohm
Vref = 1.25v
Vout = 5v
Vout is = to Vref(1+R3/R2)
5v = 1.25(1+R3/R2
5v/1.25v = 1+R3/R2
4 = 1+R3/R2
3 = R3/R2
R3 is 3 x larger than R2 so I chose to use a 270ohm resistor for R2 because 820/3 = 273 and the closest resistor to value was a 270ohm.
How it works?
This circuit is parallel. It has a 12v in for the Vs, it has a jumper wire connecting both the 12v in and the 12v raw together. From the point this meets, the current will flow through the rectifier diode to the zener diode to ensure the current is flowing one way only. After that it goes to the 1st capacitor which stores the charge. From here, the charge goes through the IN port on the regulator, Also if you look at D3 it is a bypass for the regulator for any extra current that may occur from voltage spikes, this ensures that there is no damage done to the regulator. From here the current flows through the OUT port regulated down to a lower voltage, from there it flows through the 270ohm resistor which links to the ADJ port
then it flows to the 2nd capacitor which stores the charge, then flows to the 180ohm resistor where it meets the 5v signal in supply which then flows to the 5mm L.E.D, then all the left over voltage is used up by the 820ohm resistor.
Testing to see if circuit is correct:
Vs is 12v in, there is a 0.68 VD across D1(rectifier diode), there is a 11.4 VD in the capacitor, but this VD is not constant because the charge is release once the capacitor fills. There is 11.2v flowing through the zener diode to earth. 11.2v at the IN port of the regulator. Out port of the regulator is 5.1, VD at capacitor 2 is 5.1 but again is not constant, R1 = 4.9v R2 = 2.1 R3 = 2.9v The VD at the L.E.D is 2.3. These tests prove that the circuit is functioning proper for the purpose it was designed for.
Problems found?
One problem that I came across whilst constructing the circuit was that some of my jumper wires in the design were not placed in the correct areas, so my finished product had a couple of slight improvements compared to my template designed on lochmaster.
Reflection:
If I had the chance to rebuild this circuit, I would look at trying to again improve on my soldering, making it a lot more neat to stop potential shortages in the circuit, and having the regulator set up in a different place because the way it was designed made it quite hard to get it soldered on properly, aswell as having it in the place that it is it meant the circuit had to be spread out using unnecessary space.
Sorry, another bad quality picture.
your zener explanation is not correct their is NOT 11.2 V flowing (current flows not voltage)though the zener to earth. Voltage is pressure and you are measuring the pressure difference.So why is R1=4.9V you have not explained this? How did you find the faults you had, what test methods what voltages told you you had a fault?. Were is your test procedure?
ReplyDeleteAgain your on the right track but their needs to more clarification on your understanding.
I can't find your board 3!